Torch Coral (Euphyllia glabrescens)

Taxonomy & Identity

The Torch Coral is one of the most iconic LPS corals in the reef aquarium hobby. Known for its long, flowing tentacles tipped with distinctive round or oval-shaped tips, it creates dramatic movement in the aquarium. Part of the Euphyllia genus alongside Hammer and Frogspawn corals, Torch Corals are prized for their elegant appearance and relatively hardy nature.

Natural Habitat & Distribution

E. glabrescens is found throughout the Indo-Pacific region, from the Red Sea to the Central Pacific. It typically inhabits reef slopes and lagoons at depths of 3-35 meters, often in areas with moderate water movement. In the wild, colonies can grow quite large and form impressive displays on reef walls and slopes.

Morphology & Growth Forms

Torch Corals form branching colonies with distinct corallites at the end of each branch. Each polyp extends long, flowing tentacles during the day, each tipped with a bulbous, often contrasting-colored tip. Colony forms include branching and wall varieties. Colors range from gold, green, and brown to rare varieties featuring purple, blue, or multicolored tips. The "Holy Grail" and "Gold Torch" are highly sought-after color morphs.

Lighting Requirements & Spectrum

• Intensity: Low to moderate
• Target PAR: 50–150

Torch Corals are adaptable to various lighting conditions but generally prefer moderate intensity. Too much light can cause the polyps to retract and may bleach the coral over time. They do well in the middle to lower regions of the tank. Actinic and blue spectrum lighting enhances their fluorescent qualities and makes colors pop.

Flow Requirements & Patterns

• Intensity: Low to moderate
• Type: Indirect, gentle, oscillating

Flow should be enough to gently sway the tentacles without causing them to thrash violently or retract. Excessive flow can damage the delicate tissue and prevent the coral from fully extending. Random or oscillating flow patterns work best, mimicking natural reef conditions. Avoid placing directly in the path of powerheads.

Nutrient Dynamics & Water Chemistry

Torch Corals benefit from stable water parameters above all else. They can tolerate a range of nutrient levels but tend to look best in systems with moderate nutrients. Ultra-low nutrient systems may cause color loss. Consistent alkalinity is particularly important for skeletal growth and overall health.

Feeding Biology & Symbiosis

Like most Euphyllia, Torch Corals host zooxanthellae and derive much of their energy from photosynthesis. However, they are also capable predators and will readily capture and consume meaty foods.

• Mysis shrimp and brine shrimp
• Small pieces of fish or shrimp
• Coral-specific pellets and powdered foods
• Reef Roids and similar coral foods

Target feeding 1–2 times per week can significantly boost growth and coloration. Feed when tentacles are extended, typically in the evening or when food is detected in the water.

Common Diseases, Pests & Predators

• Euphyllia Eating Flatworms (EEF) – a devastating pest specific to Euphyllia
• Brown Jelly Disease – bacterial infection causing rapid tissue necrosis
• Torch Coral Syndrome – mysterious ailment causing tissue recession
• Aiptasia and Majano anemones competing for space

Quarantine new Torch Corals and dip with appropriate coral dips to prevent pest introduction. Inspect regularly for flatworms, which appear as small brown spots on the tissue. Brown Jelly requires immediate isolation and removal of affected tissue.

Compatibility & Placement

Torch Corals possess potent sweeper tentacles that can extend several inches at night, stinging and damaging nearby corals. They are highly aggressive toward other coral species but generally peaceful with other Euphyllia (though mixing species carries some risk).

• Best zone: Middle to lower tank, on rock or rubble
• Give space: 6+ inches from other coral species
• Good neighbors: Other Euphyllia (with caution), fish, invertebrates

Fragging Techniques

Torch Corals can be fragged by cutting through the branching skeleton with a band saw or bone cutters. Each frag should include one or more complete heads with adequate skeleton. Allow frags to heal in moderate flow for several weeks before placing in their permanent location. Fragging is best done on healthy, well-established colonies.

Aquacultured Strains & Trade Names

Many desirable Torch Coral varieties exist in the hobby, including the "Gold Torch" with bright yellow-gold coloration, "Holy Grail" featuring green body with gold tips, "Black Torch" with dark coloration, and various "Dragon Soul" varieties. Australian and Indonesian torches are particularly prized for unique colorations.

Difficulty Rating & Summary

Difficulty: Beginner to Intermediate

Torch Corals are excellent choices for reefers looking to add movement and drama to their tanks. While generally hardy, they require attention to flow, spacing, and pest prevention. Their flowing tentacles and variety of stunning color morphs make them enduring favorites in the hobby.